| Acanthodactylus schreiberi schreiberi BOULENGER, 1878 Acanthodactylus boskianus var. syriacus BOETTGER, 1878 Acanthodactylus savignyi var. schreiberi BOULENGER, 1878 Acanthodactylus Schreiberi BOULENGER, 1887 |
| TAMAR et al. (2014) stellten in einer jüngst publizierten genetischen Studie (mitochondriale und nukleäre DNA) fest, dass die lange anerkannte ssp. syriacus aus den Küstengebieten Israels und des Libanon nicht zu A. schreiberi gehört, sondern tatsächlich eine Lokalpopulation von A. boskianus asper darstellt. Weiters schließen sie sich der Ansicht von FRANZEN (1998) an, dass es sich bei der isolierten Population am Golf von Iskenderun am türkischen Festland um eine rezente Einschleppung aus Zypern handelt und synonymisieren daher die von hier kürzlich beschriebene Unterart ataturi mit der Nominatform.
WERNER MAYER, 2015 |
Boulenger, G.A. (1878) - Description of Acanthodactylus schreiberi. - In: “Sur les espèces d’Acanthodactylus des bords de la Mediterranée”. Bulletin de la Société zoologique de France, 3: 179-197.  Franzen, M. (1998) - Erstnachweis von Acanthodactylus schreiberi schreiberi BOULENGER, 1879 für die Türkei. - Herpetozoa, Wien, 11 (1/2): 27-36.  × in Vorkommen von Acanthodactylus schreiberi schreiberi BOULENGER, 1879, der bislang als Endemit Zyperns galt, wird erstmals aus der Türkei gemeldet. Morphologisch stimmen die vier gesammelten Exemplare aus der Umgebung der Siedlungen Botaş und Yukari Burnaz, Provinz Antakya (Hatay), vollkommen mit Vergleichsmaterial aus Zypern überein; ebenso zweifelsfrei ist der Mangel an Übereinstimmung mit A. schreiberi syriacus BOETTGER, 1878 aus dem Libanon und Israel. Das möglicherweise allochthone türkische Vorkommen der Art scheint auf nur einen spärlich bewachsenen, größeren Dünengürtel beschränkt zu sein, da A. schreiberi in strukturell identischen, benachbarten Gebieten der osttürkischen Mittelmeerküste nicht nachgewiesen werden konnte. An den Fundstellen war die Art mit Aktivitätsdichten von bis zu 4-5 Exemplaren auf 100 m² häufig. Tamar, K. & Carranza, S. & Sindaco, R. & Moravec, J. & Meiri, S: (2014) - Systematics and phylogeography of Acanthodactylus schreiberi and its relationships with Acanthodactylus boskianus (Reptilia: Squamata: Lacertidae). - Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society, 172 (3): 720-739. × Acanthodactylus is a widespread lacertid genus occurring from the Iberian Peninsula and western North Africa to western India including the Middle East, Cyprus, and the Arabian Peninsula. The genus is in dire need of a taxonomic revision, and the phylogenetic relationships amongst and within its species remain unclear. In particular, the taxonomy and relationship of the allopatric, narrow-ranged Acanthodactylus schreiberi and its close relative, the widespread Acanthodactylus boskianus asper, are poorly understood. We estimated the phylogenetic and phylogeographical structure of A. schreiberi across its distribution range, and evaluated its relationships to A. b. asper, using mitochondrial and nuclear data. The phylogenetic results indicate that both species are paraphyletic, with A. schreiberi nested within A. b. asper, and the subspecies A. schreiberi syriacus nested within a distinct lineage of A. b. asper. We suggest that the group is in need of a taxonomic revision because the identified lineages and genetic diversity are incongruent with the currently recognized taxonomy. We tentatively conclude that A. schreiberi is restricted to Cyprus and Turkey, reduced to a single form, and that the populations in Lebanon and Israel belong to A. b. asper. Tamar, K. & Carranza, S. & Sindaco, R. & Moravec, J. & Trape, J.-F. & Meiri, S. (2016) - Out of Africa: Phylogeny and biogeography of the widespread genus Acanthodactylus (Reptilia: Lacertidae). - Molecular Phylogenetics and Evolution, 103: 6-18. × Acanthodactylus lizards are among the most diverse and widespread diurnal reptiles in the arid regions spanning from North Africa across to western India. Acanthodactylus constitutes the most species-rich genus in the family Lacertidae, with over 40 recognized species inhabiting a wide variety of dry habitats. The genus has seldom undergone taxonomic revisions, and although there are a number of described species and species-groups, their boundaries as well as their interspecific relationships are largely unresolved. We constructed a multilocus phylogeny, combining data from two mitochondrial (12S, cytb) and three nuclear (MC1R, ACM4, c-mos) markers for 302 individuals belonging to 36 known species, providing the first large-scale time-calibrated molecular phylogeny of the genus. We evaluated phylogenetic relationships between and within species-groups, and assessed Acanthodactylus biogeography across its known range. Acanthodactylus cladogenesis is estimated to have originated in Africa due to vicariance and dispersal events from the Oligocene onwards. Radiation started with the separation into three clades: the Western and scutellatus clades largely distributed in North Africa, and the Eastern clade occurring mostly from Arabia to south-west Asia. Most Acanthodactylus species diverged during the Miocene, possibly as a result of regional geological instability and climatic changes. We support most of the current taxonomic classifications and phylogenetic relationships, and provide genetic validity for most species. We reveal a new distinct blanfordii species-group, suggest new phylogenetic positions (A. hardyi, A. masirae), and synonymize several species and subspecies (A. lineomaculatus, A. boskianus khattensis and A. b. nigeriensis) with their phylogenetically closely-related species. We recommend a thorough systematic revision of taxa exhibiting high levels of intraspecific variability as well as clear evidence of phylogenetic complexity such as A. guineensis, A. grandis, A. dumerilii, and A. senegalensis and the pardalis and erythrurus species-groups.
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